Co-Compost Application of Magnesium Salts and Orthophosphate Adjusted Biochar and Cyanobacteria for Fixing Nitrogen, Improving Maize Quality, and Reducing Field Nutrient Loss

To solve the problem of nitrogen loss and harmful gas emissions in co-composting cyanobacteria with other wastes agricultural non-point source pollution Chaohu Lake Basin (CHLB), this study selected as main material, spent mushroom rice hulls excipients, biochar (B) Mg2+/PO43− salt an additive. The fixation rate, maturity, toxicity, fertilizer efficiency indexes were analyzed to explore best rate application. Additionally, three different fertilization treatments (C0: No fertilization, CF: Chemical fertilizer, OF: Organic fertilizer) applied field experiments CHLB. results showed that composting experiment 10% B additives had lowest cumulative NH3 emission (603.00 g) highest (61.54%). We used compost product for maize cultivation experiments. show OF treatment can reduce nutrient loss, increase soil TN was follows: (18.62%) > CF (10.34%) C0 (−9.66%). Moreover, TK losses runoff 33.33% 22.74% lower than farmland runoff. increased content crude fat, protein, starch by 4.40%, 8.34%, 2.66% compared treatment, respectively. Overall, N, P, K agronomic coefficients organic 1.424, 1.001, 1.16, These indicated cyanobacterial could replace chemical improve quality. Meanwhile, amendment Mg/P air quality products. This provides a theoretical basis reference extension multiple